Abstract
Superconducting samples of the type GdBa2Cu3−xRuxO7−δ with 0.000⩽x⩽0.300 were prepared by the conventional solid-state reaction technique. The phase formation percentage, lattice parameters, orthorhombic distortion and oxygen-content were calculated using X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) data. The real elemental-content of the prepared samples was estimated from particle induced X-ray emission (PIXE). In addition, the oxygen-content was determined using elastic Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy (RBS) technique at 3MeV proton beam and Rietveld XRD analysis. Moreover, the prepared samples were investigated using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) measurements. The number of spins N participating in EPR resonance and the paramagnetic susceptibility χ were calculated as a function of both Ru-content and temperature. In addition, the activation energy Ea, Curie constant C, Curie temperature θ, the effective magnetic moment μ and the electronic specific heat coefficient γ were estimated as a function of Ru-content.
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