Ion-acoustic rogue waves and breathers in relativistically degenerate electron-positron plasmas

Abstract

In this paper, we employ a weakly relativistic fluid model to study the nonlinear amplitude modulation of electrostatic waves in an unmagnetized electron-positron-ion plasma. It is assumed that the degeneracy pressure law for electrons and positrons follows the Chandrasekhar limit of state whereas ions are warm and classical. The hydrodynamic approach along with the perturbation method have been applied to obtain the corresponding nonlinear Schrodinger equation (NLSE) in which nonlinearity is in balance with the dispersive terms. Using the NLSE, we could evaluate the modulational instability to show that various types of localized ion acoustic excitations exist in the form of either bright-type envelope solitons or dark-type envelope solitons. The regions of the stable and unstable envelope wave have been confined punctually for various regimes. Furthermore, it is proposed that the exact solutions of the NLSE for breather waves are the rogue waves (RWs), Akhmediev breather (AB), and Kuznetsov-Ma breather (KM) soliton. In order to show that the characteristics of breather structures is influenced by the plasma parameters (namely, relativistic parameter, positron concentration, and ionic temperature), the relevant numerical analysis of the NLSE is examined. In particular, it is observed that by increasing the values of the mentioned plasma parameters, the amplitude of the RWs will be decreased. Our results help researchers to explain the formation and dynamics of nonlinear electrostatic excitations in super dense astrophysical regimes.