Abstract
IOL calculation in cataract surgery is a highly standardized process assisted by various diagnostic devices and computerized formulas. There are still some uncertainties regarding preoperative measurements and the postoperative effective lens position resulting in unforeseeable refractive errors. We will discuss the procedures and pitfalls in standard situation intraocular lens calculation, including the differences in diagnostic equipment used for IOL calculation and the precautions when using standard IOL formulae. We will also discuss the major differences of IOL calculation formulas, including empirical formulas, formular based on gaussian optics, ray tracing, and new approaches based on machine learning/artificial intelligence.
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