Iodine nutrition in ewes. 2. Effects of low to high iodine intake by ewes on the I content of biological fluids and plasma immunoglobulins G in newborn lambs.

Abstract

1. In two experiments samples of blood and organs were taken from newborn and young lambs born to five groups of ewes that received different dietary iodine (I) levels. Dietary I contents (mg/kg dry matter [DM]) in pregnancy and lactation, respectively, were: Experiment 1--0.36 and 0.26 for group C, 2.01 and 1.94 for group D; Experiment 2--0.13 and 0.12 for group A, 0.22 and 0.20 for group B, 10.77 and 8.88 for group E. 2. I intake of ewes had no effect on birthweight, body weight gain, or mortality between birth and wk 2 of life. No difference between the groups was recorded in the weights of brain, heart, lungs, and liver of lambs killed at birth. However, the weight of both the thyroid lobes in lambs from group E was lower than that of the other groups. The I content of the thyroid lobes of lambs from group A was 30-40% lower than that of the other groups. 3. The plasma inorganic iodine (PII) of lambs from birth to d42 of life was affected by ewe I intake, except for groups A and B, during the first 16 h of life. The PII of lambs increased with the I intake via milk in each group. The ratio of PII of lambs at birth/PII of ewes at d7 prepartum was 3.77, 2.96, 1.68, 1.39 and 8.62, respectively, for groups A, B, C, D and E. 4. The high I intake by group E ewes induced a higher plasma T4 concentration in lambs at birth. The decrease in plasma immunoglobulins G (IgG) recorded for the lambs in this group might be explained by this increase in plasma concentration.