Abstract
Iodine is a trace element required for the production of thyroid hormones, essential for metabolism, growth and brain development, particularly in the first trimester of pregnancy. Milk and lean fish are the main dietary sources of iodine in the Norwegian diet. Thus, the aim of the present study was to provide updated analysed values of iodine concentration in six fish species, 27 selected Norwegian iodine-rich dairy foods and Norwegian hen’s eggs. The iodine concentrations in the wild fish species varied between 18 μg/100 g (Atlantic halibut) and 1,210 μg/100 g (pollack). The iodine concentration of cow milk varied between 12 and 19 μg/100 g and the iodine concentration of the eggs varied between 23 and 43 μg/100 g. The results in this study deviate somewhat from the current iodine concentrations in the Norwegian Food Composition Table. This deviation may have a large impact on the assessment of the iodine intake. Hence, updated knowledge about the variation in iodine level of fish, milk, dairy products and hen’s egg are of great importance when estimating the iodine intake in the population. These data will contribute substantially to future estimations of dietary iodine intake and will be made available for the public Norwegian Food Composition Table.
Highlights
Iodine is a trace element required for the production of thyroid hormones, essential for metabolism, growth and brain development, in the first trimester of pregnancy
Iodine content of fish The average iodine content in fish fillet varied from 21 μg/100 g wet weight in Atlantic halibut to 790 μg/100 g ww in pollack (Table 4)
There was a large variation between individuals within the same species, and between fish of the same species from different geographical areas and/or sampling months (Figure 2)
Summary
Iodine is a trace element required for the production of thyroid hormones, essential for metabolism, growth and brain development, in the first trimester of pregnancy. Updated knowledge about the variation in iodine level of fish, milk, dairy products and hen’s egg are of great importance when estimating the iodine intake in the population These data will contribute substantially to future estimations of dietary iodine intake and will be made available for the public Norwegian Food Composition Table. Iodine concentrations vary between and within fish species, and seasonally and geographically location, as fish absorb iodine both from the seawater and from their food [7] Even though their iodine content is considerably lower than that of fish, milk and dairy products are the iodine sources of greatest importance due to their common consumation in larger quantities in the Norwegian culture. Creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), allowing third parties to copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format and to remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially, provided the original work is properly cited and states its license
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