Abstract
Jian-Pi-Yi-Shen formula (JPYSF) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula used in clinic to treat chronic kidney disease (CKD) for decades. However, the mechanisms of JPYSF in treating CKD have not been fully elucidated. The aim of the present study was to test the renoprotective effect of JPYSF on CKD rat model and investigate the potential mechanism from the perspective of serum exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs). CKD rat model was induced by feeding Sprague-Dawley rats a diet containing 0.75% w/w adenine for four weeks. The rats in the treatment group were given 10.89 g/kg JPYSF by gavage every day, starting from the 3rd week of the adenine-containing diet for six weeks. Serum biochemistry and histopathology were used to evaluate the renoprotective effects of JPYSF. Serum exosomes were isolated by ExoQuick-TC PLUS exosomes extraction kit and were identified by transmission electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis, and western blot. Exosomal miRNAs profiling was analyzed by small RNA sequencing. The results showed that JPYSF treatment significantly lowered serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels and alleviated renal pathological injury in CKD rats. Furthermore, serum exosomes were successfully isolated and identified. Small RNA sequencing revealed that 4 exosomal miRNAs (miR-192-5p, miR-194-5p, miR-802-5p, and miR-143-3p) were significantly downregulated in the CKD group and were markedly upregulated after JPYSF treatment. At last, miR-192-5p was identified as the most relevant miRNA for CKD diagnosis and JPYSF treatment. In conclusion, JPYSF protects kidney from adenine-induced CKD, which may be associated with modulation of exosomal miRNAs.
Highlights
According to the data reported by the Global Burden of Disease Study, in 2017, 697.5 million cases of all-stage chronic kidney disease (CKD) were recorded, for a global prevalence of 9.1%
Consistent with the improvement of renal function, these pathological injuries were markedly attenuated in the CKD + Jian-Pi-Yi-Shen formula (JPYSF) group (Figures 1C–E)
These data demonstrated that JPYSF has a renoprotective effect in adenine-induced CKD rats
Summary
According to the data reported by the Global Burden of Disease Study, in 2017, 697.5 million cases of all-stage chronic kidney disease (CKD) were recorded, for a global prevalence of 9.1%. In 2017, 1.2 million (95% uncertainty interval, 1.2 to 1.3) people died from CKD (Bikbov et al, 2020). The exploration of treatment strategies and associated mechanism investigation are highly desirable to halt CKD progression. The Jian-Pi-Yi-Shen formula (JPYSF) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula that has a clinical application in the treatment of CKD with notable renoprotective effect. Our previous pharmacological studies have showed the renoprotective effect of JPYSF in CKD rat model (Liu et al, 2018b; Lu et al, 2018). The underlying mechanisms of JPYSF on CKD have not been fully elucidated
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