In-vitro Evaluation of the Accuracy of Electronic Apex Locators and Cone Beam Computed Tomography in the Detection of Oblique Root Fractures.

Abstract

This study aimed to compare the accuracy of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scanning and three different electronic apex locators (EALs) in the detection of simulated oblique root fractures (ORF) in different localizations. The study utilized a total of eighty human maxillary incisors, which were categorized into two groups based on the location of the ORF (apical and middle third of the root) formed on the buccal side of the root surface. The measurement of the distance between the incisal edge and the intersection of the ORF with the root canal was conducted using a stereomicroscope. This measurement is referred to as the actual working length (AWL). Additionally, three EALs-Dentaport ZX, EndoRadar Pro, and Propex II-were utilized to determine the electronic working length (EWL). Furthermore, CBCT images were employed to assess the distance, known as the CBCT working length (CWL). The differences were determined by subtracting AWL from EWL and CWL. Based on the accuracy of the devices, there were no significant differences observed among Dentaport ZX, EndoRadar, Propex II, and CBCT measures in both the apical and middle third HRF groups, within the acceptable range of 0.5 mm and 1 mm. The accuracy of Dentaport ZX, Propex II, and CBCT was higher in the middle third ORF group compared to the apical third ORF group, with a tolerance of 0.5 mm. However, there were no significant differences seen among the devices.