In-vitro cytotoxicity of zinc oxide, graphene oxide, and calcium carbonate nano particulates reinforced high-density polyethylene composite

Abstract

This research aims to develop and increase the appropriate polymer composite for human implants and to evaluate its mechanical properties. The composites have proved their application in several fields, but still, many types of research are going on to improve their properties and to increase the area of application. The polymer composites have also entered their utility into bone implants as a substitute for metallic implants due to problems like high cost and corrosion resistance. The polymer composites are less in weight, economical, high corrosion resistance and they can be made into any required shape. In this research the Zinc oxide (ZnO), Graphene oxide (GO), and Calcium carbonate (CaCO3) nanoparticles with wt. % reinforced polymer composites provide good mechanical properties and show good tribological properties. Among Zinc oxide, graphene oxide, calcium carbonate nanoparticles the graphene oxide reinforced High-density polyethylene (HDPE) composites have better properties and they can be most suitable for bio implant materials. With the extract-cotton seed oil and extract-Phosphate Buffer Saline (PBS) from graphene oxide (HDPE) composites, the culture medium (cell line MG-63) with direct cytotoxicity reactivity first test on extract-cotton seed oil of 10 μl and 20 μl extract exhibited a maximum of 71% and 57% cell viability and a minimum of 29% and 43% mild cytotoxicity. The culture medium with direct cytotoxicity reactivity second test on extract-Phosphate Buffer Saline (PBS) of 10 μl and 20 μl extract exhibited maximum 61% and 60% cell viability and minimum 39% and 40% cytotoxicity.