(Invited) Silicon Quantum Dot Single-Electron Pumps for the Closure of the Quantum Metrology Triangle

Abstract

We have developed silicon quantum dot single-electron pumps for the application to quantum electrical standards. High-speed silicon pumps operated at GHz frequencies, generating a large current at a sub-nanoampere level, are promising for the realization of a precise closure of the quantum metrology triangle; it is a consistency check experiment with the quantum Hall resistance standard and Josephson voltage standard. We have found that, to improve the pump accuracy which is governed by the dynamical charge quantization process in a quantum dot, the optimal design and operation of pumps regarding the gate length and cross coupling to the quantum dot is important. The Japanese project, which aims at a precise closure of the quantum metrology triangle, is described with its recent progress.