Abstract
While the first paper describing Passivated Emitter and Real Cell (PERC) appeared in 1989, the PERC cell structure was conceived several years earlier. After many years industrial development, world-wide PERC mass production capacity has gradually grown to about 2.5 GW by the end of 2014; thereafter the PERC installations experienced a rapid outburst to over 10 GW by Q1 2016. In this paper, we update the latest development of PERC technology and analyze the technical and economic reasons for PERC’s rapid growth in market shares, such as maturity in mass production equipment and materials, solution of light induced degradation (LID) of PERC cells. Furthermore we analyze different efficiency loss mechanisms of our current 21% mass production PERC cells, and establish roadmaps for PERC cells to reach 23% and beyond. PERC module performance and total cost of ownership of PERC technology will be discussed as well.
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