(Invited) Electro-Conversion of CO2 – a Technical and Economical Comparison between High Temperature and Low Temperature Processes

Abstract

The booming technologies for the electrochemical conversion of CO2 aim to offer a carbon-neutral approach for industrial activities. The major greenhouse gas, CO2, can be reduced electrochemically with a low-carbon energy source in a highly effective manner. In this talk, we will provide a thorough technical and economical comparison between high temperature and low temperature processes. The thermodynamics of CO2 splitting, which is highly temperature-dependent, determines the energy requirement for the technologies. The development of polymer electrolyte membranes enables the low temperature electrochemical CO2 reduction in an aqueous system into various high-value products. High-temperature CO2 electrolysis based on solid oxide cells or molten carbonate cells reduces electricity cost and can be highly effective for CO production. Techno-economic assessment of these electrolysis techniques offers a comprehensive understanding on balancing efficiencies, economic cost and environmental benefits. The milestones on the materials/system development are proposed for high efficiency, low cost, high-value products and less negative environmental effects to move CO2 electrolysis technologies toward commercialization.