Abstract
Diseases of the aortic valve due to autoimmune disorders represent a challenge in more ways than one. Not only is the incidence of these conditions low, but the prevalence of aortic valve disease requiring intervention is even more rare. This makes it difficult to study and determine clinical patterns to inform surgical decision-making. In light of this, in this issue of The Annals of Thoracic Surgery, the study by Zhang and colleagues,1 from Fuwai Hospital in Beijing, is very informative and provides important insight.
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