Abstract
Titanium and heteroatom-codoped hematite photoanodes showed significantly increased photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting activity. The Ti and heteroatom co-doping in hematite not only suppresses the number of metal ions that cause electron hole pair (EHP) recombination at the hematite surface but also generates an internal electric field for easy hole extraction. The co-doped hematite converted the incident photons to EHPs with much reduced recombination and exhibited an excellent photocurrent density of greater than 2.5 mA/cm2 at 1.23 VRHE. Our co-doping strategy provides a straightforward way of addressing the chronic short-hole diffusion length issue that causes a high electron hole recombination rate, to potentially improve the performance of PEC devices.
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