Abstract
The question of backwardness in India has been a contested and unfinished discourse. The censuses of 1911, 1921, and 1931 shed light on the stark disparities between the Shudra population and their representation in positions of power. The Miller Commission, appointed in 1918, played a significant role in defining backwardness and proposing measures for representation. However, the overarching discourse on representation and backwardness remained confined to Scheduled Castes (SCs) and Scheduled Tribes (STs), and the other backward castes (OBCs) were left unresolved and put under the administrative jurisdiction of respective state governments. In this backdrop, this paper explores the discourse surrounding the issue of backwardness in pre-independent India, focusing on representation and reservation in government jobs and educational institutions. This paper embarks on outlining an overview of the reservation policy in pre-independent India. It draws upon the findings of the ICSSR sponsored national research project titled “Status of Reservation Policy: A Study of Higher Educational Institutions in Bihar” (F. No. 02/151/2016-17/RP).
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