Abstract
A transferred arc plasma torch chemical rector was used to process waste formed from mixtures of dry clay powder and hydroquinone. Such reactors are best suited for the treatment of electrically conductive waste. In these types of reactors, the electric arc moves chaotically throughout the entire reactor volume, making it possible to ensure an even temperature distribution in the reaction zones. An analysis of the literature has shown that there are not many study results related to this type of reactor. The novelty of the work is that the behavior of the operating electric arc inside the reactor was recorded by using a high-speed camera. The distribution of the temperature profile at the cooled reactor wall was investigated. The electrical potential difference inside the reactor was also investigated. To better understand the behavioral properties of the electric arc when the reactor is filled with treated material, hydroquinone-contaminated clay was used. In this case, the movement of the electric arc, as well as the probability of its formation, is the greatest at the location where the thinnest layer of the material to be processed is located. In addition, it has been observed that the use of a graphite anode poses problems because, over time, the anode of such a design deforms due to interactions with the electric arc. While analyzing research results, it can be observed that these types of reactors are very suitable for the treatment of electrically conductive materials and for the treatment of small amounts of nonconductive materials when the material occupies a relatively small part of the reactor. A further development of these studies in the future is planned in order to make the reactors as versatile as possible and as suitable as possible for handling the widest range of materials possible.
Highlights
The problem of waste generated by the development of industrial production and advanced modern technologies is becoming increasingly important
A prototype of this device was developed at the Plasma unit and the volumetric reactor walls were cooled with water and air at flow rates of 1.24
An electric arc discharge is generated between the conductive bottom of the reactor, which acts as an anode and the plasma torch
Summary
The problem of waste generated by the development of industrial production and advanced modern technologies is becoming increasingly important. Today’s science faces new challenges, the solutions of which are related to the sustainable use of waste in the production of various products and equipment, as well as the neutralization and conversion of hazardous waste into environmentally friendly materials. Another important issue that researchers are paying increasing attention to includes energy resources [4–7]. There is an increasing focus on the use of secondary raw materials and waste alternative energy sources, for example, how to safely use waste heat for heating or electricity generation through the incineration, neutralization or other recycling of secondary raw materials [8–10]
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