Abstract
The preparation of chitosan-tripolyphosphate (chitosan-TPP) particles by the spray drying had been reported word widely for a sustained release of drugs to prevent rapid drug metabolism. Although the spray drying is a straightforward procedure turning a liquid feed into a well-defined dry powder, seldom research works were focusing on how the processing parameters and liquid feeding constitutions of spray drying system might affect the properties of spray-dried chitosan particles loaded with drugs, such as the particle size and morphologies, which would be very important to drug encapsulation and dissolution of the drug delivery design. This study thus prepared the chitosan particles with theophylline (TH) loaded as a model drug and TPP as cross-linker at various spray drying conditions. Our results indicate the diameter of the TH/chitosan-TPP particles made by customized spray drying apparatus spans from 424 to 497 nm with a geometric standard deviation of less than 2. The corresponding release of TH was tunable by the chitosan-TPP matrix density under the selected spray drying temperature and the carrying air flow rate. These results suggest an indeed need for optimized spray drying processing conditions to make the ideal spray-dried TH/chitosan-TPP particles for the desired drug delivery.
Highlights
The delivery of the drug-loaded system to the site of the interest has been developed to minimize the loss and the degradation of the drug from the surrounding medium or processing condition, attaining the desired therapeutic concentration of the drug at the selected site[1]
The particle size, shape and surface morphology of spray-dried TH/Chitosan-TPP particles were reported under various precursor concentrations and processing parameters (i.e., the inlet flow rate of air and inlet temperature (Tc)), with the correlations between the spray drying conditions and the general properties of spray-dried TH/ Chitosan-TPP drug delivery systems investigated
SEM pictures of spray-dried TH/Chitosan-TPP were taken, and the corresponding particle size distributions were measured under various operating conditions, with particle morphology and mean size of each case determined by SEM photos with the assistance of software and the accuracy could be down to the resolution limit of the microscope applied (e.g.,
Summary
The delivery of the drug-loaded system to the site of the interest has been developed to minimize the loss and the degradation of the drug from the surrounding medium or processing condition, attaining the desired therapeutic concentration of the drug at the selected site[1]. A sustained TH release carrier such as the TH encapsulated chitosan particles by spray drying process was required for a controlled release in the drug-delivery system to surmount these drawbacks[19,23] Majority of these works were focusing mainly on the properties of drug-delivery system but miss the chance to study how the spray drying process conditions may affect the desired properties of TH/Chitosan-TPP particles, from which the aim of this study investigates the correlations between the processing parameters (e.g., airflow rate from atomization and inlet temperature in heat column), properties of the liquid feed (e.g., various concentrations of chitosan and TPP in precursor solution) and the corresponding characteristics of chitosan particles containing TH as model drug and TPP as crosslinker. The particle sizes, surface morphologies and drug dissolution profiles of TH will be reported and discussed under the proposed spray drying conditions with a home-made spray dryer for the sustained release of TH in our TH/ Chitosan-TPP delivery system
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