Abstract
The bentonite was treated in different ways and the changes in structure were monitored. Acid activation with sulphuric acid of investigated bentonite caused the increase in specific volume of micropore-mesopore. It was shown that activation by acid obtained at a constant temperature and constant period of time provides the possibility to obtain samples of bentonite of searched porosity only by changing the concentration of sulphuric and hydrochloric acid. By thermal activation of bentonite clay in the temperature range 100-1100 0C, samples of desired porosity were acquired.
Highlights
Clay minerals differ from other colloidal materials in several ways
The physico-chemical properties were investigated using chemical composition, mineral decomposition; it was measured the capacity for cation exchange (CEC) and the specific areas and specific volume of micropores-mesopores of bentonite
Samples with mass 10 g were used for the acid activation of bentonite, and samples with mass 20 g for thermal activation
Summary
Clay minerals differ from other colloidal materials in several ways. The particle shapes in clay are irregular and asymmetric; there is a wide range of particle size. Structures were analyzed using X-ray diffraction patterns, thermogravimetry, differential thermal analysis and low-temperature nitrogen adsorption (N2-AD) [5]. Their colleagues investigated the correlation between mass percent of sulphuric acid used in activation (10 %70 %) with surface area (A) and pore volume (V) only. Here, we have performed the first systematic study of the properties of bentonite treated thermally (in the temperature range 100-11000C) and using sulphuric and hydrochloric acid in different ratios and using different mixing methods at constant temperature and during constant time period
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