Abstract

This paper presents the engine characteristics of investigations carried out on a single-cylinder, direct injection diesel engine operated with B20 (20% biodiesel and 80% diesel) blend fuel from 1st generation (coconut, palm, rapeseed, soybean), 2nd generation (cottonseed, Jatropha curcas, jojoba, karanja) and 3rd generation (fish oil, spirulina, waste cooking oil, animal fats) feedstocks levels of biodiesel and their effects on compression ignition engine with a rated power of 3.5 kW at 1500 rpm. The diesel engine was operated at three different compression ratios of 16.5, 17.5 and 18.5 when different loads (25%, 50%, 75%, and 80%) were applied. Comparative measures for the characteristics of brake thermal efficiency (BTE), specific fuel consumption (SFC), ignition delay (ID), exhaust gas temperature (EGT), smoke, particulate matter (PM), oxides of nitrogen (NOX), sulfur dioxide (SO2), cylinder pressure and heat release curve were determined. A reduction in BTE, EGT, ID was observed with B20 blend fuel from the 1st, 2nd and 3rd generation levels of biodiesel with the advanced injection timing. The significant reduction of smoke emission by 55.3% and PM emission by 51.8% were seen for jojoba, NOX was reduced by 39.6% for Jatropha curcas and SO2 by 46.54% for fish oil at full load conditions with the compression ratio of 17.5 powered with B20 blend of biodiesel. The simulation and experiment results are verified at the same operating conditions.

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