Investigations of Phytoconstituents, Antioxidant and Anti-Liver Cancer Activities of Saueda monoica Forssk Extracted by Microwave-Assisted Extraction.

Ali Abdul Wahid Al-Shawi,Mustafa Fadhil Hameed,Nashwan Hussein Ali,Kawkab Ali Hussein

doi:10.31557/apjcp.2020.21.8.2349

Ali Abdul Wahid Al-Shawi, Mustafa Fadhil Hameed + Show 2 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.31557/apjcp.2020.21.8.2349

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Abstract

Background:Wild edible plants are good sources for bioactive compounds, vitamins, and minerals with various applications. They can play a role in supporting the immune system and are highly beneficial as resources. Suaeda monoica Forssk is a wild edible plant that grows in Iraq and it’s biological activities have not yet reported. Methods: Saueda monoica Forssk bioactive compounds were extracted by a microwave-assisted extraction method using ethanol as a solvent, and its chemical composition was analyzed by GC-MS. The biological activities were evaluated via antioxidant, anti-liver-cancer, antibacterial, and toxicity tests in vitro. Results:The results of GC-MS analysis showed that there were about 20 bioactive compounds. The most abundant compound was N,N-Dimethylglycine methyl ester, followed by 9,12,15-Octadecatrienoic acid, n-Hexadecanoic acid, and N,N-Dimethylglycine. The antioxidant activity of the ethanol extract of the plant showed a significant IC50. The extract of S. monoica against liver cancer cells (HCAM) showed significant toxicity. Flow cytometric analysis showed a significant induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrested at G1 phase. Conclusions:The results indicated the significance of the components of Iraqi S. monoica Forssk by MAE method as a potential food supplement in nutrition systems to prevent liver cancer and enhance the liver’s defense against diseases.

Highlights

Wild edible plants are an important source of edible healthy food due to the nature of the chemical components in the fruits, leaves, roots, tubers, and rhizomes, which could have applications in medical uses and daily diet (Bharucha et al, 2010)
Saueda monoica Forssk bioactive compounds were extracted by a microwave-assisted extraction method using ethanol as a solvent, and its chemical composition was analyzed by GC-MS
The studies have shown that microwave-assisted extraction is an important method for the extraction of bioactive compounds because it is selective, fast, and economical, and it may replace other extraction methods to discover new natural compounds

Summary

Introduction

Wild edible plants are an important source of edible healthy food due to the nature of the chemical components in the fruits, leaves, roots, tubers, and rhizomes, which could have applications in medical uses and daily diet (Bharucha et al, 2010). One of the most famous wild edible plants in Iraq is Suaeda monoica Forssk, which belongs to the family Chenopodiaceae and grows in hypersaline soil (Iwona et al, 2014). It is used by Iraqi people in the southern region as a vegetable food and is available in vegetable shops or markets. Wild edible plants are good sources for bioactive compounds, vitamins, and minerals with various applications They can play a role in supporting the immune system and are highly beneficial as resources. Suaeda monoica Forssk is a wild edible plant that grows in Iraq and it’s biological activities have not yet reported. Conclusions: The results indicated the significance of the components of Iraqi S. monoica Forssk by MAE method as a potential food supplement in nutrition systems to prevent liver cancer and enhance the liver’s defense against diseases

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Results

Conclusion