Investigations of Acacia modesta Wall. leaves for in vitro anti-diabetic, proliferative and cytotoxic effects

Bushra Saleem,Muhammad Islam,Zikria Saleem,Fariha Imtiaz,Azra Mehmood,Surriya Naheed,Hamid Saeed,Maryam Asghar

doi:10.1590/s2175-97902018000217467

Abstract

ABSTRACT The leaves of Acacia modesta Wall. have been shown to possess diverse pharmacological properties. Therefore, we aimed at evaluating anti-diabetic, cytotoxic and proliferative effects of extracts of Acacia modesta Wall. leaves. After evaluating the primary and secondary metabolites, anti-diabetic activity of various extracts was assessed by α-amylase inhibition, glucose uptake by yeast cells and non-enzymatic glycosylation of hemoglobin assay. Cytotoxicity and proliferative potential was assessed by MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) and short term proliferation assays, respectively, using human liver carcinoma cell line, HepG2. Among other extracts, chloroform extract exhibited 34.16% inhibition of α-amylase, 90.65% inhibition of hemoglobin glycosylation and 94.75% glucose uptake employing α-amylase inhibition, non-enzymatic glycosylation of hemoglobin and glucose uptake by yeast cells assays, respectively. Moreover, extracts exhibited no significant effects on HepG2 cell viability and proliferation. So, this data suggested that chloroform extract of leaves of Acacia modesta Wall., exhibited higher anti-hyperglycemic activity in comparison to extracts in other solvents, while no extract demonstrated cytotoxic and proliferation effects when tested using HepG2 cell line.

Highlights

Medicinal plants are considered pivotal in curing many diseases and persistently provide benignant remedies (Duraipandiyan, Ayyanar, Ignacimuthu, 2006)
Diverse climatic conditions of Pakistan are favorable for plants and approximately 2000 medicinal plant species have been reported, out of which only a few have been scrutinized for their definite physiological response in various ailments (Suganya, Sivakumar, 2014)
The extraction of Acacia modesta Wall. leaves was done through two methods, hot extraction using n-hexane, chloroform and methanol solvents while cold extraction using ethanol and water as solvents

Summary

INTRODUCTION

Medicinal plants are considered pivotal in curing many diseases and persistently provide benignant remedies (Duraipandiyan, Ayyanar, Ignacimuthu, 2006). Anti-microbial properties of different extracts of stem and leaves have been evaluated leading to extensive use of young twigs of this plant as ‘miswak’ (tooth stick) (Asghar et al, 2003; Khalid et al, 2011; Khan et al, 2014; Napar et al, 2012). In-vivo anti-hyperglycemic effects of leaves extracts of Acacia modesta Wall. Numerous studies have reported the use of human carcinoma cell lines for screening of potential cytotoxic and proliferative effects of plant extracts in an attempt to identify novel medicinal and bioactive compounds of clinical relevance (Aydemir et al, 2015; Hamidinia, Ramezani, Mojtahedi, 2013). As per the literature searches, no reports have been published with regards to cytotoxic and proliferation effects of leaves extracts of Acacia modesta Wall. We aimed at evaluating the in vitro cytotoxic and proliferative effects of Acacia modesta Wall. leaves extracts using human liver carcinoma cell line– HepG2 along with anti-diabetic effects of these extracts using alpha amylase inhibition, glucose uptake by yeast cells and non-enzymatic glycosylation of hemoglobin assay

MATERIAL AND METHODS

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

CONCLUSION

REFRENCES