Abstract
Quantification of lactate/lactic acid in critical care environments is essential as lactate serves as an important biochemical marker for the adequacy of the haemodynamic circulation in shock and of cell respiration at the onset of sepsis/septic shock. Hence, in this study, ATR-FTIR was explored as a potential tool for lactate measurement, as the current techniques depend on sample preparation and fails to provide rapid response. Moreover, the effects of pH on PBS samples (7.4, 7, 6.5 and 6) and change in solution conditions (PBS to whole blood) on spectral features were also investigated. A total 189 spectra from five sets of lactate containing media were obtained. Results suggests that lactate could be measured with more than 90% accuracy in the wavenumber range of 1500–600 cm. The findings of this study further suggest that there exist no effects of change in pH or media, when estimating lactate concentration changes in this range of the Mid-IR spectral region.
Highlights
Lactate is an averred haemodynamic marker in critical care indicating the adequacy of tissue hypoperfusion [1,2,3,4]
Results from this study clearly indicate that the concentrations of lactate could be linearly correlated to the observed peaks which serve as fingerprints for lactate ions and lactate containing compounds in different pH and media
This study demonstrated the presence of lactate ion in all the solution samples
Summary
Lactate is an averred haemodynamic marker in critical care indicating the adequacy of tissue hypoperfusion [1,2,3,4]. The spectra were obtained from solution samples of varying lactate concentration in buffer at pH values of 7.4, 7.0, 6.5 and 6.0 and whole blood (pH 7.0–7.3) These spectra were pre-treated using various chemometric tools and lactate concentrations were predicted using PLSR models, first independently for each data-set, and simultaneously. This was intended to enable in-depth understanding for the inter-dependence of spectral features for lactate concentrations at different pH values and in different media using IR spectroscopy. For the first time, the prediction capabilities of infrared absorption spectroscopy have been tested using solutions of varying lactate concentrations in combination with different pH and media
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