Abstract
Dielectric Resonator Antennas (DRAs) have received lots of attention in the last two decades due to several attractive characteristics such as high radiation efficiency, light weight, and low profile. There is also increasing challenges for the design of high bandwidth and multi-bands antennas which can be achieved using MHD Antennas for high speed and reconfigurable applications in wireless communication. In this work the objective is to design and develop a cylindrical MHD antenna with circular patch and two annular rings. Magneto-hydrodynamics (MHD) Antenna is a Fluid based Antenna in which the fluid resonator provides excellent coupling of RF energy into fluid. Fluid resonator volume, chemical properties, electric field and magnetic fields are the factors of resonant frequency, gain and return loss. The proposed antenna shall be tuned in the wide band of frequency range between 7.9 – 27 GHz. Simulations using HFSS and measurements have been carried out in respect of design prototype for ‘Air’ and BSTO (Barium Strontium Titanate Oxide) microwave fluid. The findings in this work that the Fluid Resonator based hybrid approach for antenna enhances the bandwidth by a large factor and annular rings with circular patch in proper geometry provides multiband operation. Variation in the volume of the fluid shifts the resonant frequency of the solid structure in the wideband. When magnetic field is applied, significant improvement has been noticed in return loss of the proposed antenna.
Highlights
The word magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) is derived from magneto – meaning magnetic field, hydro – meaning liquid, and dynamics meaning movement
An antenna based on the MHD principle using hybrid approach in which a Dielectric Fluid Resonator in combination with circular patch and annular rings is presented
Taking benefit from the advantages of Dielectric Resonator Antennas (DRAs) and the antenna symmetry using hybrid approach, the results shows wideband (7.9-27 GHz) with multiband features and shift of resonant frequencies by changing fluid volume for the proposed Antenna Prototype
Summary
The word magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) is derived from magneto – meaning magnetic field, hydro – meaning liquid, and dynamics meaning movement. The field of MHD was initiated by Hannes Alfvén in 1942 and later in 1970, Ting and King determined that the conducting fluid can oscillates under the influence of electromagnetic field conditions This conducting fluid can be used as one of the element of antenna at microwave frequencies. An antenna based on the MHD principle using hybrid approach in which a Dielectric Fluid Resonator in combination with circular patch and annular rings is presented. For an Annular ring Microstrip Antenna (ARMSA) with inner radius ‘a’ and outer radius ‘b’ with b/a=2; and given values of n and εr, solving the characteristic equation for knm the resonant frequency can be determined by using eq.-(1). The resonant frequency comes to 11.04GHz for ‘Air’ using simulations which very close when compared to measured value using VNA as 11.20GHz at 50 Ω
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