Abstract
Due to the much different environment in satellite and terrestrial links, possibilities in and design of MIMO systems are rather different as well. After pointing out these differences and problems arising from them, two MIMO designs are shown rather well adapted to satellite link characteristics. Cooperative diversity seems to be applicable; its concept is briefly presented without a detailed discussion, leaving solving particular satellite problems to later work.On the other hand, a detailed discussion of polarization time-coded diversity (PTC) is given. A physical-statistical model for dual-polarized satellite links is presented together with measuring results validating the model. The concept of 3D polarization is presented as well as briefly describing compact 3D-polarized antennas known from the literature and applicable in satellite links. A synthetic satellite-to-indoor link is constructed and its electromagnetic behavior is simulated via the FDTD (finite-difference time-domain) method. Previous result of the authors states that in 3D-PTC situations, MIMO capacity can be about two times higher than SIMO (single-input multiple-output) capacity while a diversity gain of nearly 2 × 3 is further verified via extensive FDTD computer simulation.
Highlights
It is more or less a commonplace statement that in the wireless technology of recent years, systems applying multipletransmit and multiple-receive antennas (MIMO, multipleinput multiple-output) have become one of the few methods of real innovation
Extensive measurements were carried out in Guildford, UK, where an artificial platform situated on a hilltop, containing directional RHCP and left-hand circular polarization (LHCP) patch antennas, communicated with a mobile van fitted with omnidirectional RHCP and LHCP antennas
We have shown in [15] that in a satellite link relative to the single-channel case, only a 2-fold increase of capacity can be achieved by polarization time-coded diversity (PTC)
Summary
It is more or less a commonplace statement that in the wireless technology of recent years, systems applying multipletransmit and multiple-receive antennas (MIMO, multipleinput multiple-output) have become one of the few methods of real innovation. Reference [2] or [3] or other satellite/MIMO papers known by the authors do not deal with this problem General aspects of it are dealt with, for example, in [6,7,8], taking explicitly, shortrange, that is, terrestrial situations only into account. The same understanding is applied in this paper; so we will call our topic PTC even if particular coding problems are not at all dealt with but coded signals are assumed.) Section 3.1 deals with dual-polarized MIMO channels, stating a physical-statistical model, presenting measuring results and validating the model; in this discussion conventional dual-polarized antennas are applied.
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