Abstract
Changes in the heat transfer of fault arcs in an electrical installation are closely connected with the energy balance and pressure rise. Their detailed analysis has not been carried out so far for various insulating gases used in installations. In this article, the thermal transfer coefficient kp, which acts as an important parameter assessing the pressure behavior, is investigated based on the analysis of energy balance of fault arcs in a closed container filled with air, SF6, CO2, and N2. A hybrid approach with a combination of a thermopile and a photomultiplier is proposed to measure the transient radiation energy from arcs. The energies related to electrode erosion, including electrode melting and vaporization as well as electrode chemical reaction, are all measured quantitatively. In particular, Joule heating and radiation as two key energy processes are compared and analyzed under different influencing factors. With various energy transfer processes in energy balance visualized, the influence of the arc current, electrode material, filling pressure, and gap distance between electrodes on kp is analyzed carefully for different insulating gases.
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