Abstract

We investigated 3D kinematic and kinetic changes of knee and ankle during downhill walking as the slope angle increased and evaluated biomechanical injury risk factors related to non-contact ACL injury. Fifteen male subjects performed level walking and 15° and 25° downhill walking. For the kinetic and kinematic parameters, one-way ANOVA and post-hoc tests were performed at a significance level of 0.05. This study revealed significant differences in 3D knee and ankle kinematics and kinetics among 0°, 15° and 25° downhill walking. The peak posterior ground reaction force, the peak knee anterior force and the knee valgus moment (0° vs. 15°: p < 0.05; 0° vs. 25°: p < 0.05) in the early stance phase increased as the slope angle increased. The peak knee internal tibial rotation moments in the late stance also increased (0° vs. 15°: p < 0.05; 0° vs. 25°: p < 0.05; 15° and 25°: p < 0.05) as the slope angle increased. These results showed the risk for ACL injuries may be increased during downhill walking with a greater slope angle.

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