Abstract
This research investigated the environmental effect of local production methods of aluminium utensils in Bachirawa, Ungogo local government Kano. Three soil samples and two samples of water were collected from sites A, B,C, D and E. The samples were then taken to faculty of agriculture for analysis. Atomic absorption spectrophotometer (A A S model No 240 FSAA) was used to determine the concentration levels of heavy metals in the samples. The results show that, the concentration levels of heavy metals in the soil samples A, B and C are: Zn ranges between (1158.13 - 11,117.80) mg/kg; Mn between (285.719 – 1809.672) mg/kg; Cd between (0.026 – 0.540) mg/kg; Cr (0.498 – 0.832) mg/kg and Pb between (42.54 - 285.53) mg/kg. The observed concentration levels in water samples for Zn ranges between (0.2411 – 0.4435)mg/l; Cd between (0.091 – 0.123) mg/l; Cr between (0.015 – 0.022) mg/l; Mn between (0.284 – 0.728) mg/l and Pb between (0.00-0.08) mg/l. Zinc and Manganese have higher concentration levels than the recommended permissible limit set by European Union (EU) and United Kingdom(UK) while Cd, Cr and Pb have lower concentration levels than the recommended permissible limit set by EU and UK in soil samples A, B and C. The concentration levels of Mn, Cd and Pb in water samples were higher than the permissible limit set by World Healh Organization (WHO) whereas Zn and Cr have concentrations lower than the recommended permissible limit set by
Highlights
The third most abundant element in the earth’s crust a part from oxygen and silica is aluminum (Patricia, 2000)
The objective of this research is to access the environmental effect associated with the local production method of aluminium utensils in Bachira, Ungogo local Area of Kano State
Zn concentrations in all the sites have exceeded the permissible limit of 300 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg set by E.U and U.K standards respectively
Summary
The third most abundant element in the earth’s crust a part from oxygen and silica is aluminum (Patricia, 2000). Basic tools were locally manufactured by artisans; iron ore was mined and smelted around Ajaokuta, Kogi State and Ojirtami in Edo State before colonization These include basic agricultural tools, surgical tools, domestic tools and military tools. Land is polluted with both solid and liquid materials, these include: agricultural wastes, metals, rubbers, plastics, woods, grease, oil, etc. Such pollutants cause serious problems to the environment and to human beings. Researchers have asserted that due to the absorptive properties of the soil, some pollutants such as Cd, Pb, Fe, Cr, and Zn have long lives in soils and food grown on such polluted soils (Lickens, 2004) These environmental problems are influenced by industries such as foundries. The objective of this research is to access the environmental effect associated with the local production method of aluminium utensils in Bachira, Ungogo local Area of Kano State
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