Abstract
High smoke emissions, nitrogen oxide and particulate matter typically produced by diesel engines. Diminishing the exhausted emissions without doing any significant changes in their mechanical configuration is a challenging subject. Thus, adding hydrogen to the traditional fuel would be the best practical choice to ameliorate diesel engines performance and reduce emissions. The air hydrogen mixer is an essential part of converting the diesel engine to work under dual fuel mode (hydrogen-diesel) without any engine modification. In this study, the Air-hydrogen mixer is developed to get a homogenous mixture for hydrogen with air and a stoichiometric air-fuel ratio according to the speed of the engine. The mixer depends on the balance between the force exerted on the head surface of the valve and the opposite forces (the spring and friction forces) and its relation to decrease and increase the fuel inlet. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis software was utilised to study the hydrogen and airflow behaviour inside the mixer, established by 3.2 L engine. The Air-hydrogen mixer is examined with different speeds of engine1000, 2000, 3000 and 4000 RPM. Results showed air-hydrogen mixture was homogenous in the mixer. Furthermore, the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio was achieved according to the speed of the engine, the developed mixer of the AIR-Hydrogen mixing process provides high mixing homogeneity and engines with stoichiometric air-fuel ratios, which subsequently contributes to the high levels of efficiency in engine operation. In summary, the current study intends to reduce the emissions of gases and offer a wide range of new alternative fuels usage. While the performance of the diesel engine with the new air-hydrogen mixer needs to be tested practically.
Highlights
Energy is a crucial component of maintaining a modern economy; and it significantly contributes to the growth of the economy
Simulation results The air-fuel mixer was considered for different values of engine speeds from 1000 rpm to 4000 rpm that was achieved after the process of boundary condition stabilising at the inlets and outlet of the mixer based on its consistent engine speed
This study contributes to improve the homogeneity (UI > 0.9) of mixture between air and hydrogen fuel inside the new mixer according to various engine speeds and control on the air and fuel ratio inside the mixer accurately at different engine speeds. the air-H new mixer is suitable for working with dual-fuel engines and bi-fuel engines
Summary
Energy is a crucial component of maintaining a modern economy; and it significantly contributes to the growth of the economy. Burning fossil fuels generates waste materials, mostly emissions to the atmosphere. These waste (2021), «EUREKA: Physics and Engineering» Number 2 materials are emitted to the atmosphere in the form of dust and combustion fuel gases (HC, CO2, NOx, and CO), along with some clinker and ash. The produced waste materials have negative and dangerous effects on both the local and global environment [2, 3]. These adverse impacts can be cushioned by using alternative renewable energy produced from natural resources such as biomass, solar heat and light and by using alternative fuels like hydrogen, and NG [4]
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