Abstract
The nanoparticles of pure CdO and CoFe2O4 were synthesized by co- precipitation technique and the composites [(CdO)x- CoFe2O4)1−x] [(DF1 (x = 0.6), DF2 (x = 0.4), DF3(x = 0.2)] were synthesized via sono chemical route. X- ray diffraction (XRD) study validated the presence of two phases in the material. The crystallite size calculated using Debye Scherrer equation were in nano range having size from 8 nm to 59 nm. The morphological and compositional studies of the synthesized material are done by Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM) and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) respectively. EDS spectroscopy confirms the conversion of initial precursor salts into final material according to their stoichiometric ratios. The optical properties of the material were examined by ultra violet – visible (UV-Vis) Spectroscopy. Further, Tauc’s plot was employed to obtain the band gap of the material. The band gap (2.5 to 2.9 eV) falls within the range of visible light (typically 400 to 700 nm). This means that the material can effectively absorb visible light photons, which is a crucial requirement for many photocatalytic reactions. The cationic and anionic bonding at different interstitial sites was revealed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The magnetic properties of the material were examined through Vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). M-H curve gives information about saturated magnetization (Ms), coercivity (Hc) and retentivity (Mr) etc of the material. The maximum obtained values for Ms, Hc and Mr are 41.921 emu/g, 1651.6 Oe and 14.2 emu/g respectively, which confirm the ferrimagnetic nature of the material. The photocatalytic activity of the material under ultraviolet region is evaluated for Methylene Blue (MB) dye. The best photocatalytic results were shown by DF1 sample with discoloration efficiency of 84.5%. The active participation of hydroxyl ion (OH-) and singlet oxygen ion (O2-) is confirmed through scavenger test using Isopropyl alcohol (IPA) and Disodium ethylene diaminne tetraacetic acid (EDTA 2NA) respectively. The dye removal kinetics was tested by using various order rate models. Further to check the stability of the material, recycling efficiency of the material has been calculated for four consecutively cycle.
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