Investigation on Simulation-Based Specific Absorption Rate in Ultra-Wideband Antenna for Breast Cancer Detection

Abstract

The electrical properties of the cancer affected cell or malignant tumor cell are completely different from normal healthiest breast tissue. Specific absorption rate (SAR) is used as one of the best parameter to identify the malignant tissue in breast with the help of electrical properties of the human breast tissue, for example, permittivity and conductivity. The design of modified octagonal shaped ultra-wideband monopole microstrip antenna with size of $27\times 29\times 1.6$ mm3, fabricated with FR-4 material, is found suitable for ultra-wideband applications and used to detect the cancer. The antenna impedance bandwidth of simulated and measured results are good (S11 < −10 dB) and its operating frequency ranges from 3 to 15 GHz with voltage standing wave ratio ≤ 2. A 3-D breast model is designed with 60 mm radius, and simulated SAR values are tabulated for skin, fatty tissue, glandular tissue, and tumor. As glandular tissue is one of the softest tissues in human female breast, it has the possibility of developing tumor in lobules and ducts. The tumors of different size are incorporated in glandular tissue. It is found that the SAR value varies based on the tumor size in glandular tissue.