Abstract
A 203-m-high gravity dam being built in earthquake-prone areas needs to be investigated very carefully to determine its dynamic responses, damage mechanism, and safety evaluation. The dynamic characteristics, seismic responses, failure mode, and safety evaluation of the above structure are presented through dynamic fracture test for small-scale model on shaking table. Because the strength of the model material is very low, the traditional strain gauge is also not easy to be glued to the surface of model. It is difficult to measure the accurate strain data of small-scale model during testing. Therefore, Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) strain sensor is presented to obtain the strain of small-scale model during testing, due to its high sensitivity. The dynamic strain and residual strain are obtained with the FBG sensors embedded in model. The FBG sensor is adhered to model material completely and shows advantages of ease for installation, high sensitivity, and reliability compared with traditional resistance strain gauge. The model during testing is submitted with earthquake wave from the Chinese Code. In the experiment, the peak ground acceleration (PGA) of the first crack in the model indicates the safety level of the gravity dam. The crack locations and forms determine the damageable part of gravity dam under intense earthquake. After the final analysis, the safety evaluation result of the gravity dam under strong earthquake is given in order to guide the implementation of the project.
Highlights
China is the country with the largest population; the largest number of consumers leads to a great demand for energy
The deformation transfer loss is an important factor affecting the sensitivity of Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) strain sensor
In order to investigate the dynamic characteristics, seismic responses, failure mode, and safety evaluation of a 203 m high gravity dam under intense earthquake, a series of complete dynamic failure model tests on a shaking table are performed based on application of FBG strain sensor
Summary
China is the country with the largest population; the largest number of consumers leads to a great demand for energy. A large number of model tests to investigate the seismic damage characteristics of concrete dam have been held over several decades [10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21]. In the process of small-scale concrete dam model produced by model material, the curing period of the model is short, only 24-48 hours, which leads to the model surface to be moist during testing. This case reduces the resistance of strain gauge and leads to the strain measurement being seriously affected because of the wettability. The dynamic failure model dam test and the analysis of the test results are presented for water retaining section of the high gravity dam
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