Abstract

An electrochemical-thermal Li-ion battery model considering electrochemical reactions and heat transfer was established. Firstly, polarization characteristics were analyzed in principle and polarization voltage was calculated. Then, cell voltage V and polarization voltage V p versus SOC (state of charge) at different CC (constant-current) charging rates were discussed. Thirdly, average polarization P A and cutoff SOC SOCc were proposed to quantize the polarization level and its influence on charging under different charging conditions. Finally, influence factors on battery polarization including electrolyte salt concentration, electrolyte conductivity, active material particle radius, positive electrode conductivity, and ambient temperature were studied. In addition, influence of the factors on SOCc and heat generation was investigated. The results show that polarization voltage has direct effect on cell voltage and is negatively related with charging performance and positively related with heat generation. Higher electrolyte salt concentration, positive electrode conductivity, lower electrode particle radius, and ambient temperature make for lower polarization voltage.

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