Abstract
Ice blasting efficiency is greatly influenced by many factors of explosives. This study aims to investigate the laws of the damage characteristics of the ice sheet influenced by explosive factors. Fully-coupled numerical models of underwater explosions for ice-breaking were established based on the experimental test, and the numerical results were in good agreement with the experimental results. The damage characteristics of ice sheets subjected to underwater and air contact explosion loads were thoroughly investigated by changing explosive types, explosive shapes, and the length to diameter ratios of cylinder charge. The results demonstrate that high-energy explosives, such as HMX and OCTOL explosives, can result in more serious damage to the ice sheets than the explosion of TNT, FEFO, PBX9010, and TETRYL explosives. A cylinder charge can be suggested to improve the efficiency of ice-breaking owing to its adjustable length to diameter ratios. The underwater explosion type is preferable to the air contact explosion for ice-breaking owing to the combined action of shock wave and bubble loads. The prediction formulas for the failure diameters of the ice sheets are proposed based on dimensional analysis, which provides a reference for ice-blasting engineering.
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