Abstract
To significantly improve the electronic efficiency of coaxial multi-beam relativistic klystron amplifier (CMB-RKA), the physical process of beam-wave interaction and parameters that affect efficiency was studied. First, the high efficiency of beam-wave interaction was discussed by simulating the efficiency versus the parameters (frequency of cavity, drift tube length between cavities, and external quality factor of output cavity), in the one-dimensional (1-D) large-signal simulation software. Moreover, the further physical process of beam-wave interaction was analyzed through simulating the current modulation factor and the number of particles at the entrance of the output cavity, in the three-dimensional (3-D) particle in cell simulation software. Last, with the optimal parameters in 3-D simulations, the CMB-RKA, which has 14 electron beams with a total current of 4.2 kA (14 × 300 A), can generate an output power of 1.02 GW with a saturation gain of 55.6 dB and an efficiency of 48.7%, when beam voltage is 500 kV, which indicated the CMB-RKA can achieve high efficiency for high-power microwave radiation.
Highlights
Received: 9 December 2021Relativistic klystron amplifier (RKA) is one of the promising high-power microwave (HPM) sources and is widely used in high-power radars, new accelerators, and new communication systems, because of its advantages in high-power, high-efficiency, stablephase, and stable-amplitude of output power [1,2,3]
The high efficiency of Received: December 2021Relativistic klystron amplifier (RKA) can reduce the volume and consumption of pulsed power sources, which is conducive to the miniaturization, stability, and reliability of the HPM system
We investigate the physical mechanism of high-efficiency beam-wave interaction based on a five cavities coaxial multi-beam relativistic klystron amplifier (CMBRKA), in which (i) the perveance is reduced by the multi-beam to improve efficiency; (ii) the fundamental-mode coaxial cavity enhances the characteristic impedance (R/Q)
Summary
Relativistic klystron amplifier (RKA) is one of the promising high-power microwave (HPM) sources and is widely used in high-power radars, new accelerators, and new communication systems, because of its advantages in high-power, high-efficiency, stablephase, and stable-amplitude of output power [1,2,3] It has achieved an output power of. Method (COM) [14], Bunching-Alignment-Collecting (BAC) [15], Cluster Center Stabilization Method (CSM) [16], Two-Stage Structure [17], etc The essence of these methods is to achieve a core of the electron beam whose electron phases are the same, which leads to improvement in the efficiency of beam-wave interaction.
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