Abstract
Indonesia is a tropical country and has abundant varieties of plants but has not been utilized to the fullest. One of the plants that are often encountered in the community is Cerbera manghas . Cerbera manghas is known as one of the trees that have solid roots; thus, it is widely used for adding greenery both on the roadside and the residential areas of Surabaya. Although beneficial for shade and the reduction of air pollution in urban areas, waste from the leaves of this plant become a serious issue for the cleanliness of the city. Organic solid waste that comes from the falling leaves have the potential to be used as a solid fuel alternative in the form of briquettes when processed appropriately. This study aims to investigate the potential of Cerbera manghas leaves waste to be used as raw material of biomass briquettes with tapioca as a binder, to evaluate the property of the resulted briquettes using ultimate analysis, proximate analysis, and also to find the effect of the composition of tapioca to the heating value of the biomass briquettes. Heating values of five mixtures with various tapioca compositions of 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50% were evaluated using an oxygen bomb calorimeter. The experimental results showed that the biomass briquettes made of Cerbera manghas leaves waste can be made using tapioca as a binder. The greater the percentage of the mass of tapioca in the briquettes, the lower heating value generated. Biomass briquettes made of Cerbera manghas leaves waste can be made into a source of sustainable energy with the optimal composition of 90% waste leaves and 10% tapioca.
Highlights
Energy crisis is a concern because of the diminishing natural resources, which are used to power industrial society as a result of a global society demand
An experiment about bioenergy proves that bioenergy have a potential as alternative energy source and the utilization of biomass increases from time to time [2,3,4,5,6]
Biomass briquettes were made by crushing dried Cerbera manghas waste leaves into the desired particle size (60 Mesh), mixing them with tapioca flour as a binder material, and compacting the mixture under pressure
Summary
Energy crisis is a concern because of the diminishing natural resources, which are used to power industrial society as a result of a global society demand. These natural resources are in limited supply. The energy crisis occurs because of the growth in fuel consumption rate and population growth. Besides saving this non-renewable energy sources, the search for new alternative energy is needed to fulfill the human needs such as electricity, fuel etc. Besides biomass as an alternative energy source, development for substitute of fossil fuel such as biomass is in high demand. An experiment about bioenergy proves that bioenergy have a potential as alternative energy source and the utilization of biomass increases from time to time [2,3,4,5,6]
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