Abstract
By using the centrifuge test and three-dimensional (3-D) finite element (FE) simulation with an advanced soil constitutive model, this study investigated the suitability and reinforcement effect of cement deep mixing (CDM) for stabilizing the anchored sheet pile quay (ASPQ) in soft clay. Besides, a parametric study was designed to analyse the influence of three factors, including the excavation depth ratio, the slenderness ratio and the strength of the CDM block, on the responses of quay wall and quay-surface settlement. The results showed that the effectiveness of CDM was closely related to its strength, slenderness ratio, and excavation depth ratio. There existed a critical slenderness ratio of the CDM block to minimize the lateral deflection of the quay wall. The influence of CDM block strength on the response of the quay wall was significant only when it had low rigidity. As a result of material improvement, the reduction in maximum wall displacement became more significant as the excavation depth ratio increased. A CDM block-to-excavation-strength shape factor was proposed to characterise the lateral response of quay walls in cement-improved soil.
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