Investigation of wind speed characteristics and its energy potential in Makurdi, north central, Nigeria

Abstract

This study investigates wind speed characteristics and its energy potential in Makurdi, in order to assess the prospect and availability of wind energy for electricity generation in the region. Wind speed data measured at 10 m were obtained from the Nigeria Meteorology Agency, Lagos. The data spanned from 1961–2014. Weibull distribution function was employed to determine wind energy potential in Makurdi. Results reveal that the period of highest potential for wind harvest was the peak of dry season (i.e. April) and that for lowest yield was the onset of dry season (i.e. November). Wind speed characteristics used for wind energy estimate was determined. Furthermore, high values of Weibull shape and scale parameters obtained in this study indicate the availability of wind speed and the windy nature of Makurdi. The wind power density of 86.85 W/m2 suggests that Makurdi wind can be used for electricity generation. Besides, monthly and annual mean wind speeds were above the minimum values (3.0–4.0 m/s) required for most wind turbines to operate. The wind profile and its characteristics depict Makurdi as a suitable site for wind power generation. Hence, there is huge prospect of wind power generation in Makurdi and its environs.