Abstract
The main method of metal finishing in terms of chemical composition and temperature in modern converter production is out-of-furnace treatment of steel. The duration of stay of metal in the ladle increased several times, which led to an increase in heat losses from the metal, in particular, when blowing metal with inert gas, as well as during transportation of the ladle with metal. While the temperature of steel in the ladle decreased. Therefore, to ensure the required temperature at the next technological operation it is necessary to heat the metal, which will lead to an increase in average process duration and as well as to an increase in energy consumption for steel production. To study the regu-larities of thermal processes in ladles, a two-dimensional mathematical model has been developed that differs from the known ones: using a systematic approach in formalizing the physical description, taking into account heat transfer in slag, taking into account the slag solidification process, taking into account the heat transfer between slag and the ladle lid. It is known that the lid is used for metal casting, while during neutral gas blowing and ladle transportation the lid is used very rarely. Regularities of metal cooling in the steel ladle depending on the application of the ladle lid were estab-lished. A comparative analysis of the results of research on the application of the lid during metal curing in the ladle during out-of-furnace processing of steel has been carried out. The analysis and evaluation of changes in the metal cooling rate and absolutevalues of metal heat loss have been carried out. The study showed that the transportation of the ladle from out-of-furnace processing facilities to the casting stand covered with a lid, will reduce all the heat loss from the metal by more than 2 times. The results obtained can be used to predict the reduction of metal temperature and minimize heat losses during out-of-furnace treatment of metal in the steel ladle.
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