Abstract
In this paper the phase inversion temperature (PIT) in emulsions was determined by measuring the electrical conductivity, dielectric constant and viscosity. In addition, the detection of the PIT by measuring the interfacial tension was studied. The temperature-dependent rheological properties of the emulsions were also examined. The influence of the oil-phase and emulsifier polarity, the hydrophile—lipophile balances (HLB) value of the surfactant mixture and the phase volume ratio on the PIT were studied. The phase inversion phenomenon and aspects of percolation theory are discussed. Knowledge of PIT-influencing factors is fundamental for the PIT-type production method of K. Shinoda and H. Saito (J. Colloid Interface Sci., 30 (1969) 258) by which fine dispersed emulsions are produced. Furthermore, the determination of the PIT is important for obtaining optimal storage conditions. The rheological method used (coaxial cylinder) as well as the conductivity measurements can be utilized routinely in process production control.
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