Abstract
The 11-year solar activity cycle in the vertical ozone distribution over the Antarctic station Faraday/Vernadsky in the Antarctic Peninsula region (65.25° S, 64.27° W) was analyzed using the Solar Backscatter Ultra Violet (SBUV) radiometer data Version 8.6 Merged Ozone Data Sets (MOD) over the 40-year period 1979–2018. The SBUV MOD ozone profiles are presented as partial column ozone in layers with approximately 3-km altitude increments from the surface to the lower mesosphere (1000–0.1 hPa, or 0–64 km). Periodicities in the ozone time series of the layer data were studied using wavelet transforms. A statistically significant signal with a quasi-11-year period consistent with solar activity forcing was found in the lower–middle stratosphere at 22–31 km in ozone over Faraday/Vernadsky, although signals with similar periods were not significant in the total column measurements made by the Dobson spectrophotometer at the site. For comparison with other latitudinal zones, the relative contribution of the wavelet spectral power of the quasi-11-year periods to the 2–33-year period range on the global scale was estimated. While a significant solar activity signal exists in the tropical lower and upper stratosphere and in the lower mesosphere in SBUV MOD, we did not find evidence of similar signals in the ozone forcing data for the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6). In the extratropical lower–middle stratosphere and lower mesosphere, there is a strong hemispheric asymmetry in solar activity–ozone response, which is dominant in the Southern Hemisphere. In general, the results are consistent with other studies and highlight the sensitivity of ozone in the lower–middle stratosphere over the Antarctic Peninsula region to the 11-year solar cycle.
Highlights
While ozone is only a minor constituent in the terrestrial atmosphere, it is of great importance for the natural state of the biosphere by absorbing near-ultraviolet solar radiation with wavelengthsAtmosphere 2020, 11, 873; doi:10.3390/atmos11080873 www.mdpi.com/journal/atmosphereAtmosphere 2020, 11, 873 less than 300 nm [1]
Ozone content in the terrestrial atmosphere is dependent on a series of chemical and dynamical
On solar above, ultraviolet radiation that solar activity change result in an ozone amountDependence change
Summary
While ozone is only a minor constituent in the terrestrial atmosphere, it is of great importance for the natural state of the biosphere by absorbing near-ultraviolet solar radiation with wavelengthsAtmosphere 2020, 11, 873; doi:10.3390/atmos11080873 www.mdpi.com/journal/atmosphereAtmosphere 2020, 11, 873 less than 300 nm [1]. The meridional ozone distribution shows a minimum at low latitudes, with a generally positive gradient in TOC towards higher latitudes [3]. The exceptions to this are the seasonally dependent meridional gradients of ozone in the polar regions, which can become negative when the polar vortices form. The stratospheric ozone concentration is affected by variations in the concentration of different atmosphere constituents, including chlorofluorocarbons and related ozone-depleting substances [11,12] and chemical radicals, such as NO and OH [13], as well as changes in solar radiation resulting from variations in insolation and solar activity [14]
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