Abstract
When the third German Antarctic Expedition arrived at the Antarctic coast on 19 January 1939, an extensive flight programme of aerial photogrammetric survey was performed with the aim of producing a map of the discovered area, later called “Neu-Schwabenland”. The expedition was planned as summer campaign without a land-based station or airstrip. Instead two 10-ton Dornier Wal seaplanes were launched from the catapult ship Schwabenland. Information from printed travel accounts, results and unpublished private files of the expedition leader, Alfred Ritscher, give a detailed insight into the planning of the aerial survey at home, and its modification in the Antarctic due to weather and ice conditions; discoveries of high mountain ranges; as well as technical problems of the aircraft. An analysis of the events shows that the Schwabenland expedition 1938/39 can be seen as model for systematic use of aircraft for scientific investigations from the air.
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