Abstract
We report our investigation on the S-shaped current–voltage characteristics in a hot-casting–processed (BA)2 (MA)3Pb4I13 Ruddlesden–Popper (RP) perovskite solar cell. The two-dimensional perovskite solar cells are fabricated with NiOx as the hole transport layer (HTL), which leads to significantly high open-circuit voltage (Voc). The champion device shows a Voc of 1.21 V and a short current density (Jsc) of 17.14 mA/cm2, leading to an overall power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 13.7%. Although the PCE is much higher than the control device fabricated on PEDOT:PSS, a significant S-shaped current–voltage behavior is observed in these NiOx-based devices. It is found that the S-shaped current–voltage behavior is related to the lower dimensional phase distribution and crystallinity at the bottom interface of the RP perovskite layer, and the S-shaped distortion is less severe after the device ageing test.
Highlights
Metal-halide perovskites have attracted tremendous attention as revolutionary photovoltaic materials owing to their remarkable electronic and optoelectronic properties such as high absorption coefficient, tunable bandgaps, long carrier diffusion length, and solution-processed and low-cost potential
We report a hot-casting–processed 2D RP perovskite solar cells (PSCs) based on 2D (BA)2(MA)3Pb4I13 (n 4) layered perovskite films fabricated with an inverted structure using nickel oxide (NiOx) as the hole transport layer (HTL)
The 2D perovskite film with a formula of (BA)2(MA)3Pb4I13 by using the hot-casting method and subsequent fabrication of inverted PSCs with a structure of NiOx or PEDOT:PSS)/ (BA)2 (MA)3Pb4I13 /PCBM/BCP/Ag, as shown in Figures 1A,B, shows the comparison of performance of the fabricated 2D Ruddlesdon–Popper perovskites (RPPs) perovskite solar cells derived from NiOx and PEDOT:PSS
Summary
Metal-halide perovskites have attracted tremendous attention as revolutionary photovoltaic materials owing to their remarkable electronic and optoelectronic properties such as high absorption coefficient, tunable bandgaps, long carrier diffusion length, and solution-processed and low-cost potential. It is widely recognized that crystallization, phase distribution, and orientation profiles of 2D perovskite have critical influences on charge carrier dynamics and the performance of PSCs. Tsai et al systematically researched hot-casting methods in preparing RP PSCs based on the PEDOT:PSS hole transport layer (HTL) and obtained cells with the PCE of 12.51% and Voc of ∼1 V (Tsai et al, 2016).
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