Abstract
Water scarcity is relative and variable concept that can occur at any level of supply and demand. It is also a social construct, which is linked to the intervention in the water cycle and changes over time as a result of natural hydrological change. It is more severe when water acts as a backbone in economic policies, planning and management methods. Water scarcity can be expected to increase with most forms of economic development, but, if properly identified, many of its causes can be expected and avoided or mitigated. However, the limited irrigation management is considered a very important issue in the agricultural scope. Therefore, in this study, the relationship between water, crop production, photosynthesis, crop transpiration, crop growth, crop yields and water use efficiency have been discussed under limited irrigation conditions. However, the crops have some ability to adapt and resist against limited irrigation. Hence, under high temperate conditions, this is a shortage of water and photosynthesis is decreased with a pore (stoma) restraining. At the same time, the evapotranspiration reaches to the utmost value and the water use efficiency rises because of optimal monitoring of leaf pore (stoma). Therefore, the modality which is the reduction of the risks and improving industrial control in incomplete irrigation are the chief constraints of providing irrigation water in the future, which leads to increased crop production and ultimately providing a provision of food security.
Highlights
IntroductionAbout 70% of global freshwater consumption is used in agricultural sector, whereas water use efficiency (WUE) in many countries is less than 50% [1] [2]
The modality which is the reduction of the risks and improving industrial control in incomplete irrigation are the chief constraints of providing irrigation water in the future, which leads to increased crop production and providing a provision of food security
About 70% of global freshwater consumption is used in agricultural sector, whereas water use efficiency (WUE) in many countries is less than 50% [1] [2]
Summary
About 70% of global freshwater consumption is used in agricultural sector, whereas water use efficiency (WUE) in many countries is less than 50% [1] [2]. The drought resistance index (DRI) or “reduced yield reduction” is an effective way to express the average yield reduction of water shortage, and it is considered that the crops with moderate water deficit can still obtain higher yields (yield under stress as percent of yield under non-stress conditions) [16] [17]. It is obtained through the comparison of the growth pattern of the main crops under the full and non-sufficient irrigation.
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