Abstract
Magnetic properties of the Mott insulator with the pyrochlore structure ${\mathrm{Y}}_{2}{\mathrm{Ru}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{7}$ were investigated using $^{99}\mathrm{Ru}$ M\ossbauer spectroscopy. Bulk magnetization measurements confirmed appearance of the spin-glass-like antiferromagnetic order with very large differences between zero-field-cooled and field-cooled magnetizations below the N\'eel temperature ${T}_{N}=76(2)\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{K}$. The M\ossbauer spectra were obtained above and below ${T}_{N}$. Analysis of the spectrum recorded at $4.2\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{K}$ suggested a noncollinear local ordering of ruthenium magnetic moments. The electronic structure of the individual ruthenium ion, responsible for magnitudes of hyperfine parameters and the ruthenium magnetic moment, was discussed within the framework of the crystalline electric-field model, including the spin-orbit coupling and the exchange interaction in the molecular-field approximation. Reasonably good agreement between calculated and experimentally determined parameters was obtained. Simultaneously, the experimentally observed easy plane of ruthenium magnetic moments was explained.
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