Investigation of the magnetic properties of the fullerene C30 with mixed spins: A Monte Carlo study

Abstract

In this study, we employed Monte Carlo simulations to investigate the magnetic properties of C30 fullerene with mixed spins, where S = 2 and σ = 1 Ising system. We explored the ground-state phase diagrams to establish a foundational understanding of its magnetic behaviors. Magnetization and magnetic susceptibility were studied as functions of reduced temperature, highlighting the impact of mixing S and σ spins. Furthermore, we determined the evolution of the reduced transition temperature concerning the exchange interaction between S and S. Additionally, we investigated the influence of parameters such as reduced exchange interactions, temperature, and crystal field on the total magnetization. Finally, we analyzed magnetic hysteresis cycles to observe how loop surfaces change with variations in parameters, including exchange interaction, temperature, and crystal field.