Abstract
Kisspeptin, a neuropeptide hormone encoded by the Kiss-1 gene, and its receptor have been recently recognized as fundamental activators of the gonadotropic axis with key roles in the control of gonadotropin secretion, especially, in vivo studies. Moreover, recent observations show that neurokinin B (NKB) is coexpressed with kisspeptin and dynorphin in the arcuate nucleus (ARC) in hypothalamus, named the Kisspeptin/NKB/Dynorphin (KNDy) neurons. KNDy neurons are thought to drive pulsatile GnRH secretion and gonadotropin release, and estradiol negatively regulates kisspeptin expression in KNDy neurons.
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