Investigation of the influence of formed, non-rotationally symmetrical pin geometries and their effect on the joint quality of steel and aluminium sheets by direct pin pressing

Abstract

Resource-saving and sustainable production is becoming increasingly important regarding social, political and economic aspects, thus making the use of lightweight-construction technologies a current trend. For this reason, multi-material-systems made of high-strength steel and aluminium as well as metal and fibre-reinforced plastics gain in importance. However, different material properties, e.g. stiffness, thermal expansion coefficients or chemical incompatibilities, are challenging for conventional joining technologies. Joining by cold formed pin structures has shown to have high potential for joining multi-material-systems. These pins can be joined either by direct pin pressing into an unperforated joining partner or by caulking, where the pins are inserted through a pre-punched joining partner and the pin head is upset, resulting in a form-fit joint. Usually, cylindrical pins are used for joining. However, non-rotationally symmetrical pin geometries offer the possibility of introducing a predetermined breaking point or reinforcing a connection in the principal force direction. In this work, cylindrical pins as well as non-rotationally symmetrical pin geometries, such as polygonal and oval pin structures, are cold extruded from the sheet metal plane of an HCT590X+Z dual phase steel and joined in the next step with an EN AW-6014 aluminium using direct pin pressing. Since the formation of an undercut has an crucial influence on the joint strength, the investigations will be focused on the resulting joint geometry. In addition, the effect of different pin heights will be examined to analyse the joint formation at different levels of compression of the pin structures. Finally, the joints are evaluated regarding their joint strength in tensile shear tests and cross tension tests. Here the flow resistance of the geometry used as well as the pin height and thus the strain hardening of the pin base during the extrusion of the pins play a decisive role for the shear strength.