Abstract
Studies of the effect of antimicrobial agents on the conservation of broccoli cabbage have been conducted. The late hybrids of broccoli Ironman F1, Agassi F1, Beaumont F1, grown under the conditions of the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine were studied. The content of the main components of the chemical composition (dry substances, dry soluble substances, sugars, vitamin C) of broccoli cabbage is analyzed depending on the characteristics of the hybrid. The effect of antimicrobial treatment on the natural loss of cabbage, microbiological lesions during storage has been studied. Antimicrobial preparations Baikal EM-1 (dilution of working solution in water 1: 500), 0.5 % solution of citric, 0.2 % benzoic, 0.05 % sorbic acid, and also 0.5:0.5 % solution of vitamins C and P (ascorutin), water for the preparation of solutions had a temperature of 23 ... 25 °C. The processing of fruit and vegetable products with various chemicals is aimed at prolonging the shelf life, increasing the shelf life and increasing the yield of commercial products at the end of storage. It is established that the natural loss of broccoli cabbage during storage depends on the characteristics of the hybrid and the type of antimicrobial preparation. Treatment with preparations increases the shelf life of broccoli cabbage to 30 - 50 days with a natural weight loss of up to 6.1 %, and ensures minimal disease burden. Treatment with antimicrobial agents reduces the loss of dry substances, dry soluble substances, sugars, vitamin C. The most effective is the treatment of broccoli with acids. It has been established that ascorbic acid is contained in broccoli cabbage, with hydrolysis from which ascorbic acid is split off, the content of which is increased. The maximum effective storage of broccoli cabbage at a temperature of 0 ± 1 oС and relative humidity of 90-95 %, pretreatment with preparations of antimicrobial action. The proposed method of processing broccoli cabbage with antimicrobial preparations before storage allows the use of vegetable raw materials for post-harvest treatment. In the development of new, low-cost, environmentally friendly and affordable storage technologies, this is an important technique.
Highlights
The homeland of broccoli is Italy, where it has the greatest variety of forms
In comparison with cauliflower in broccoli, vitamin C is in 2.8–3.0 times and dry matter is 2.0–2.7 times more
Research results It is established that the natural loss of cabbage mass during storage depends on the characteristics of the hybrid and the type of antimicrobial preparation
Summary
The homeland of broccoli is Italy, where it has the greatest variety of forms. In the 18th century, this cabbage was imported into Germany, and from there it came to Ukraine. It occupies a leading place among varieties of cabbage, and among other vegetable plants [1] The protein in it contains from 3.2 to 5.9 %, whereas in color – 2.2 %, and in the white-footed one – 1.2 %, by quantity and quality of protein is equal to chicken egg. By the content of the essential amino acids, broccoli can be equated to beef, and by the presence of lysine, tryptophan and isoleucine – up to chicken meat. The broccoli fiber promotes the cleansing of the human body from radionuclides [2,3,4] The protein of this plant includes anti-sclerotic substances methionine, choline, lysine and isoleucine, which prevent the accumulation of cholesterol in the body and prevent it from premature aging. Determine the natural-loss of production and loss from microbiological damage, depending on the treatment with antimicrobial preparations
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