INVESTIGATION OF THE IMPACT OF THE PROTECTION SYSTEM ON THE LIMSTED OF SUGAR BEET PESTS ON THE RIGHT BANK FOREST STEPP

Abstract

The article highlights the theoretical generalization and a new solution to the problem, which is to develop and substantiate elements of the system of protection of sugar beet from pests and control of their numbers in Vinnytsia region, which is based on number when using insecticides for seed treatment and spraying crops with chemical and biological drugs. The species composition of the harmful entomofauna of sugar beet has been specified and 14 species of pests have been identified, including 9 dominant species. It was determined that phytophagous plants of the Coleoptera series dominate in the taxonomic structure of the harmful entomocomplex in sugar beet crops (Agriotes obscurus L., Agriotes lineatus L., Melolontha melolontha L. – 34.3%, Homoptera (Aphis fabae Scop., 17%) (Scotia segetum Schiff., Heliothis viriplaca Hfn.) – 16,3% and Diptera (Pegomyіa betae Curt.) – 6,3%, among which there are both polyphagous and specialized species, from the class Diplopoda – 22,5%. The effectiveness of modern insecticides against the dominant pests of sugar beet is evaluated and the methods of their application are optimized. It was found that the Cruiser 350 FS provided the greatest technical efficiency in the treatment of sugar beet seeds against Aphis fabae Scop. – 95,4%. The technical efficiency of other disinfectants was in the range of 76,9–84,6%. Treatment of sugar beet seeds against seed pests with insecticide Poncho 600 FS, TH reduced the number of phytophages by 86,5%, Cruiser 350 FS, t.k.s. – 78.0%, Gaucho 70 WS, pp – 75,4%, Emesto Quantum 273,5 FS, TH – 63,2%. Treatment of sugar beet seeds with insecticidal pesticides Gaucho 70 WS, z.p. (60.0 kg/t), Emesto Quantum 273.5 FS, TH (0.3 l/t), Poncho 600 FS, TH (3.0 l/t) and Cruiser 350 FS, t.k.s. (15.0 l/t) ensured the preservation of the yield of 8,3–12,6 t/ha.