Abstract
Recently, low salinity water flooding and ion tuned water flooding have gained a lot of attention in the petroleum industry for their promising applications in enhancing the oil recovery of carbonate reservoirs. The fundamental mechanism for low salinity waters (LSW) to enhance the oil recovery is most possibly due to an expansion of electrical double layer whereas it could be attributed to surface charge change/modification for ion tuned waters (ITW). However, the simulation studies in investigating the electrochemical interactions between the ions in the injection water and the minerals are simplified to double layer model (DLM) which is physically not appropriate in the cases of ITW. Therefore, a more sophisticated model-basic Stern model (BSM) is evaluated in this paper. The feasibility of DLM and BSM in reproducing the experimental ζ-potential results from our measurements and literatures are discussed. Furthermore, the influences of potential determining ions (PDI, Ca2+, Mg2+, SO42–) on the electroc...
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