Abstract
Thirty-five (35), wild (5) and cultivated (30) Sorghum bicolor germplasms were collected from 5 different agro-ecological zones in Nigeria. Proteins were extracted from six weeks old fresh leaves (1.0 g) with 10ml of 0.85% (w/v) sodium chloride (NaCl) solution, filtered and followed by centrifugation at room temperature at 3,000 rpm for 10 min. The supernatants were employed for protein analyses on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the presence of SDS. The protein concentrations of the cultivars from North East, North West, South and wild were not statistically different ( P < 0.05) but in the same range with those of cultivars from North Central agro-ecological zone. Analyses of proteins revealed a total of 141 protein bands produced by the cultivars, 21 % has relative molecular mass of 190kD, 24% (22kD), 21% (11kD) and 24% (10kD). However, proteins with 21kD and 26kD were specific to only cultivars from North Central and wild collections. The proportion of differentiated protein (Pp) ranged between 0.06 and 0.24 while the dendrogram constructs revealed little variation between the cultivated and wild sorghum accessions.
Highlights
Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor, L.), with related millets is a major source of energy and protein in the semi-arid tropic (SAT) areas
Differentiation of Protein Banding Patterns. This was evaluated by the proportion of differentiated protein bands (Pp) which was calculated as Pp = Dn / Tn, where Tn is the total number of protein bands, Dn is the number of differentiated protein bands between the cultivars, which was obtained by subtracting the number of protein bands non-identical for the cultivars from the total number of protein bands, Tn
The diversity of protein bands are indicative of genetic diversity and may be useful in delimitation of the sorghum accessions
Summary
Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor, L.), with related millets is a major source of energy and protein in the semi-arid tropic (SAT) areas. It is the fifth leading cereal in terms of world production and one of the major coarse grain cereals grown as a rain-fed crop in the SAT areas. This study was designed to investigate the genetic variations between the wild and cultivated sorghum species in the six agro-ecological zones in Nigeria with a view to establishing relatedness between the varieties. The protein bands, being an expression of the Sorghum DNA, were analysed to know the number and their possible migratory position in the electrophoretic field; enhancing their discovery and importance in breeding practices towards Sorghum improvement
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